Human Papillomavirus Whath is it ?
- By narso10
- On 2025-11-28
- 0 comments
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is today one of the most widespread viral infections in the world. Indeed, it affects both men and women, regardless of age or social status. Yet, despite its wide prevalence, it remains poorly understood. Therefore, it becomes essential to better understand this virus, as good knowledge not only helps reduce fear but also promotes more effective prevention.
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1. Definition of Human Papillomavirus
HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is a group comprising more than 200 types of viruses. As a result, some types are completely harmless, while others are much more dangerous. For example:
Some HPVs cause skin warts on the hands or feet.
Other types specifically affect the genital area and can cause genital warts (called condylomas).
Finally, about 14 types are classified as high-risk because they can lead to precancerous lesions and even cancers, particularly cervical cancer, but also cancers of the throat, penis, anus, and vagina.
Thus, HPV is not a single virus, but rather a complex family, whose effects vary considerably.
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2. How is HPV transmitted?
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HPV is particularly easily transmitted. Indeed, the virus spreads mainly through direct skin-to-skin contact, especially during sexual activity. This includes:
Vaginal intercourse.
Anal intercourse.
Oral intercourse.
Simple intimate contact between the genitals.
Moreover, it is important to note that condoms reduce the risk but do not eliminate it completely, as the virus can be present on areas not covered by the condom.
The virus can also be transmitted:
From mother to child during childbirth.
Through contact with contaminated objects (rare).
3. Symptoms: how to recognize an HPV infection?
In the vast majority of cases, HPV does not cause any symptoms, which explains why many people carry it without knowing. However, when signs do appear, they vary depending on the type of HPV. 3.1. Symptoms of low-risk HPV These types usually cause: Genital warts (condyloma acuminata): small, often painless growths, cauliflower-shaped. Skin warts on the hands, feet, lips.
Cancers related to HPV
Cancers related to HPV
HPV is responsible for:
Almost 100% of cervical cancers.
A large portion of anal cancers.
Several throat cancers (oropharynx).
Some cancers of the penis and vagina.
Thus, the longer an HPV infection persists, the higher the risk of serious complications.
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